The Commandment That Forbids Coveting
Among the Ten Commandments, one stands out as addressing not just actions but the intentions and desires of the heart: the commandment against coveting. This commandment emphasizes the importance of inner morality, teaching that sin begins not only in deeds but in thought and desire.
1. Definition of Coveting
Coveting refers to an intense, wrongful desire for something that belongs to someone else. Unlike theft or murder, which are external actions, coveting occurs within the mind and heart. It can involve envy toward another person’s possessions, status, spouse, or other blessings. In essence, it is a yearning that disregards the rightful ownership or happiness of others.
2. The Text of the Commandment
In the Bible, the commandment is stated as:
“You shall not covet your neighbor’s house; you shall not covet your neighbor’s wife, nor his male or female servant, his ox or donkey, or anything that belongs to your neighbor.”
— Exodus 20:17, Deuteronomy 5:21 (ESV)
This commandment is unique because it addresses internal attitudes rather than overt actions. It recognizes that wrongful desires often lead to sinful behaviors such as theft, adultery, or dishonesty.
3. Moral and Spiritual Implications
Coveting is considered a violation because it reflects dissatisfaction with one’s own circumstances and a lack of trust in God’s provision. Spiritually, it is linked to greed and envy, which can corrode character and lead to harmful actions. The commandment encourages contentment, gratitude, and respect for others’ rights and possessions.
4. Examples of Coveting
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Desiring a neighbor’s wealth to the point of wishing to take it.
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Jealousy over a friend’s success that breeds resentment.
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Yearning for another person’s spouse or relationship in a manner that disregards moral boundaries.
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Unhealthy competition motivated by envy rather than self-improvement.
5. Practical Application
To follow this commandment, one must:
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Practice gratitude for what one has.
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Celebrate others’ successes without envy.
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Focus on personal growth rather than comparing oneself to others.
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Guard the heart against secret desires that could manifest as harmful actions.
6. Significance in Religious Life
The prohibition against coveting underscores a key principle of ethical living: righteousness is not only measured by actions but also by inner intentions. It teaches that moral integrity requires cultivating purity of heart and mind, ensuring that desires align with fairness, contentment, and respect for others.
7. Conclusion
The commandment against coveting remains profoundly relevant today. It challenges individuals to examine the motives behind their desires, promoting a life of contentment, ethical awareness, and spiritual discipline. By addressing the inner impulses that can lead to wrongdoing, this commandment protects both personal character and social harmony.